Saint-Georges, Joseph Bologne, chevalier de, 1745-1799

Enlarge text Shrink text
  • Personality
| מספר מערכת 987007319701905171
Information for Authority record
Name (Latin)
Saint-Georges, Joseph Bologne, chevalier de, 1745-1799
Other forms of name
Bologne, Joseph, chevalier de Saint-Georges, 1745-1799
Boulogne, Joseph, chevalier de Saint-Georges, 1745-1799
Chevalier de Saint-George, 1745-1799
De Saint-Georges, Joseph Bologne, chevalier, 1745-1799
Saint-George, Joseph Bologne de, 1745-1799
Saint-George, Joseph Bologne, chevalier de, 1745-1799
Saint-Georges, chevalier de, 1745-1799
Date of birth
1745-12-25
Date of death
1799-06-09
Associated country
Guadeloupe
Field of activity
Armed Forces
Music
Occupation
Armed Forces--Officers
Composers, Black
Fencers
Violinists
Associated Language
fre
Gender
male
MARC
MARC
Other Identifiers
VIAF: 47045882
Wikidata: Q726953
Library of congress: n 79113767
Sources of Information
  • Of castles and cathedrals: Petit Trianon. [Phonodisc] 1966.
  • New Grove(Saint-Georges (Saint-George), Joseph Boulogne, chevalier de; b. ca. 1739; d. 6/9 or 10/1799)
  • His Violin concertos and Two simphonies concertantes, 1981:t.p. (Chevalier de Saint-Georges)
  • Encyclopédie de la musique(Saint-Georges, Joseph Boulogne (chevalier) de; b. ca. 1739; d. 6/10/1799)
  • Le fleuret et l'archet, 2001:t.p. (le chevalier de Saint-George, 1739?-1799) p. 5 (Joseph Bologne de Saint-George)
  • Grove Music Online, Oct. 18, 2004(Saint-Georges (Saint-George), Joseph Bologne, Chevalier de; b. Dec. 25, 1745, Baillif, Guadeloupe; d. June 9, 1799, Paris)
  • MGG, 2. Aufl.(Saint-Georges (Saint-George), Joseph Bologne (Boulogne), Chevalier de; b. Baillif, Guadeloupe, Dec. 25, 1745; d. Paris, June 10, 1799; date and place of birth established by recent research)
1 / 31
Wikipedia description:

Joseph Bologne, Chevalier de Saint-George(s) (; French: [ʒozɛf bɔlɔɲ]; 25 December 1745 – 9 June 1799) was a French violinist, conductor, composer and soldier. Moreover, he demonstrated excellence as a fencer, an athlete and an accomplished dancer. His historical significance lies partly in his distinctive background as a biracial free man of color. Bologne was the first classical composer of African descent to attain widespread acclaim in European music. He composed an array of violin concertos, string quartets, sinfonia concertantes, violin duets, sonatas, two symphonies and an assortment of stage works, notably opéra comique. Born in the French colony of Guadeloupe, his father, Georges Bologne de Saint-Georges, was a wealthy, white plantation owner, while his mother was one of the Creole people Georges kept enslaved. At the age of seven, he was taken to France where he began his formal education. As a young man he won a fencing contest leading to his appointment as a "gendarme de la garde du roi" by king Louis XVI. Having received music and musical composition lessons, he joined the orchestra Le Concert des Amateurs; culminating in his appointment as its conductor in 1773. In 1776, Saint-Georges began conducting the Paris Opera. However, this prospect was thwarted by opposition from certain performers who resisted the idea of being led by an individual of color. Around this time, he shifted his focus to composing operas. In 1781, he joined a new orchestra Le Concert de la Loge Olympique. By 1785, he had stopped composing instrumental works altogether. Following the outbreak of the French Revolution in 1789, Saint-Georges left for England. Upon his return to France, he joined the National Guard in Lille and then served as a colonel in the Légion St.-Georges, which comprised "citizens of color". His social and professional ties to prominent figures such as Marie Antoinette and the Duke of Orléans made him a target of the Reign of Terror, culminating in a period of imprisonment spanning at least eleven months. Saint-Georges, a contemporary of Mozart, has at times been called the "Black Mozart." Some have criticized this appellation as racist.

Read more on Wikipedia >