Gershon Shaked Gershon Shaked (originally called Gerhard Mandel) was born in 1929 in Vienna, Austria. He was an only child to Aharon and Esther Mandel. His parents came originally fom Belz in Galicia and moved to Austria around the time of the outbreak of WWI. They ran two stores that sold wool. After the Anschluss, in 1938, Aharon Mandel was sent to Dachau and afterwards to Buchenwald concentration camp. His wife Esther was arrested by the gestapo in Vienna. Their son Gershon was left alone in the apartment and was miracaulously saved from Nazi hoodlums that took over the apratment. Before they were arrested his parents arranged for him to be rescued by the "Aliyat Hanoar" project. Gershons' leaving was postponed because of his illness. In 1939, when he was only nine-and-a-half years old, he immigrated to Eretz Yisrael alone and was admitted to the educational institution and boarding school of the Youth Aliyah "Children's Farm" in Pardes Hanna. A few months after he came to Israel his parents suceeded in coming to Israel after having been released from the camps and expelled from Austria. Due to financail difficulties, they were forced to leave Gershon in the boarding school. In 1943 Gershon completed his elementary schooling and was transferred to the high school in Beit Hakerem to continue his studies. After one year he joined his parents in Tel Aviv and continued his high school studies at the Gymnasia Herzeliya. In 1948, upon completing his studies, he was drafted into the army into the artillery corps. Around this stime he hebracized hisfamily name to Shaked (mandel in Yiddish). Gershon began studying at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem in 1950. He studied Hebrew literature and Bible for his BA and Hebrew literature and General History for his MA. During his studies he supported himself by teaching literature in high schools. In 1960 he began teaching in the Department for Hebrew Literature at the University. In 1964, he was awarded a Ph.D. for his research on the historical Hebrew play during the revival, and then went on to study German, English and French Literature at the University of Zurich in Switzerland. In 1975 he was appointed Head of the Depratment of Hebrew Literature at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem. In 1969, while he was teaching, he was appointed Head of the Department of Theater at Tel Aviv University being very invovled in its establishment. He retired from the Hebrew University in 1997, however he continued teaching for a number of years more at the Ben-Gurion University in Be'er Sheva. Gershon Shaked published hundreds of articles and over 35 research books, many of which were translated into various languages. His research was devoted to varied topics related to literature and drama, including studies on the Hebrew plays, the writings of Mendele Mocher Sfarim, Agnon, writers from the period of the establishment of the State and foreign authors whose works touched upon Jewish identity. His major research project, which took 20-year to complete, is the five-volume series "The Hebrew Fiction 1880-1980," which was published between 1977-1998. It received the Bialik Prize for 1986 and the Israel Prize in 1993. In this study he examined the transformations of Hebrew literature in the last century. This work examined the changes that Hebrew literary writing underwent in the last one hundred years, from an historical, social and cultural perspectives, mapped local writing, defined generations of writers, shaped the literary canon, taught and influenced a whole generation of writers and critics. One of Shaked's most important works is called, " A New Wave in Hebrew Literature" (1971). Authors, such as A.B. Yehoshua, Amos Oz, Amalia Cahan-Carmon and Aharon Apelfeld are given as the new generation of Israeli writers in the 1960's. In this book he touches upon subjects, literary styles, atmosphere that the various writers have in common and added them to the Israeli literary canon as a wave of authors who serve as a reaction to the writers of 1948. This book itself became a canon in the study of Israeli literature. He married Malka Magentza in 1953. They had two daughters, Dalit and Ephrat. Gershon Shaked passed away in 2006 at the age of 77.5. Malka Shaked nee Magentza Malka was born in 1933 in Munkács, Czechoslovakia. Her parents were Yisrael Magentza and Rachel Kraus. Her father, the son of a Lithuanian rabbi from the Misnagdim (Opponents), was born in Sovlak, Lithuania. He was a Zionist Hebrew teacher in Hebrew Gymnasias from the 'Tarbut' organization in Lithuania and a member of the 'Hahalutz' Youth Movement. He accepted a teaching position at the Zionist Hebrew Gymnasia in Monkatch which forced him to delay his plans to immigrate to the Land of Israel for a number of years. (The gymnasia was founded in 1924 and run by Dr. Haim Kugel, who later became the mayor of the city of Holon). He met and married Rachel Kraus, the daughter of a Hassidic family of Hungarian origin. Their daughter Malka was born in Monkatch. . Malka moved to the Land of Israel with her parents in 1934. They lived in Metula where her father ran the local school. They later moved to Tzefat where she studied in the religious elementary school. Because there was no high school in the Northern Galilee in those days, the family moved to Tel Aviv where Malka studied in the Ironi G' High School for Girls. Between the years 1952-1955 she studied Hebrew and Arabic Literature at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem. She began her MA there in 1961, in Hebrew and Comparative Literature. She married Gershon Shaked during her academic studies. They had two daughters (Dalit and Ephrat). She taught literature in high schools and Teachers' Seminars. After 15 years of intensive teaching she began to teach in the Department for Teacher Education in the Faculty of Education at the Hebrew University. At the same time she was involved in literary research. She received her doctorate in 1986 from the Hebrew University. Her thesis dealt with Hebrew novels on family history. In addition to teaching manuals she published five research books. This collection portrays the couple's professional activities as well as personal and family photographs. The collection was brought to the archives by Malka Shaked.
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